The Canadian Curler's Manual Or, an account of curling, as practised in Canada: with remarks on the history of the game — Reading Notes
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The source record for The Canadian Curler's Manual Or, an account of curling, as practised in Canada: with remarks on the history of the game — Reading Notes measures this digital text at 10,152 words, 45 min estimated reading time, and 2 detected text sections.
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THE CANADIAN CURLER'S MANUAL;
AN ACCOUNT OF CURLING,
WITH REMARKS ON THE HISTORY OF THE GAME.
"When winter muffles up his cloak, And binds the mire like a rock, THEN to the loch the Curlers flock Wi' gleesome speed." BURNS.
BY JAMES BICKET, SECRETARY TO THE TORONTO CURLING CLUB.
PUBLISHED AT THE OFFICE OF THE BRITISH COLONIST, FOR THE TORONTO CURLING CLUB; SOLD ALSO BY HENRY ROWBELL.
HUGH SCOBIE, PRINTER.
This reprint has been made possible through the kindness of Mr. Thomas Rennie, who loaned the original for the purpose.
Page Description of Curling 9
Toronto Rules of Curling 20
Glossary, or Explanation of Curling Terms 23
Early History of Curling 29
Curling in Scotland 31
Constitution of the Toronto Club 38
VICE-PRESIDENTS, MANAGERS,
TORONTO CURLING CLUB,
IS MOST RESPECTFULLY INSCRIBED,
This little pamphlet has been produced at the request of the TORONTO CURLING CLUB. The original object in its publication was simply to furnish the Members with a copy of the Constitution of the Club, and of the laws which they observe in playing. The design is now extended, so as to embrace a general description of Curling, with a brief history of the Game; and by thus making it to be understood, by those who have never seen it played, or who may have been only occasional spectators, to induce a more general participation in this most healthful and exhilarating amusement.
It is gratifying to observe the success of the efforts which have been made in this country, during the last few years, to promote and encourage the Game. It is now becoming, and must become, a favorite in Canada. It is admirably adapted to this climate, where the winter is generally cold enough to ensure good ice, and seldom so severe as to render the exercise unpleasant. Being played in the open air, during a season when few out-of-door recreations can be enjoyed, it is well calculated to counteract the enfeebling influence of confinement to our close and heated winter houses. Many objections which may be brought against other sports, are not applicable to this. It calls up none of the low and degrading passions of our nature. Notwithstanding the intense interest which Curlers may feel in a well contested match, no betting ever takes place among them; the excitement arising from gambling, therefore, is altogether removed from the rink. Intoxication on the ice is also unknown among good players. The nice equilibrium of body and the firmness of nerve, essential to scientific Curling, would disappear on the first symptom of such a state. But the Game is sufficiently interesting without any extraneous stimulant. While it imparts vigour to every limb, and every muscle, it engages the attention and awakens the judgment; and thus brings into healthful excitement those powers of the body and of the mind, the due exercise of which the Creator has allied with pleasure.
In the observations which will be found on the early history of Curling, a liberal use has been made of a small but valuable work on the subject, published anonymously, in Kilmarnock, in 1828. To the same authority the writer is indebted for the derivation of several of the words to be found in the Glossary, and it is only doing the Compilers of the work referred to, an act of justice, which they can have no wish should be omitted, to state, that they have availed of "Doctor Jamieson's Dictionary," "Brewster's Encyclopedia," and an "Account of Curling, by a Member of the Duddingstone Society." These, unfortunately, are not at present accessible to the writer. During the present year, he ordered from Edinburgh such publications on the Game, as could be found; but was disappointed on learning, that several excellent Treatises which he expected to receive, are now out of print--the only works which his Correspondent could procure, being the "Annual of the Grand Caledonian Curling Club" and the "Rules of Curling, by Pretostes."
The writer has affixed his name to this work--conceiving that from his official connection with the Toronto Curling Club, since its establishment, this may lend some weight to the opinions, and some authority to the statements therein contained.
TORONTO, 30th NOVEMBER, 1840.
CURLING.--Is a Game played upon the ice, by sliding stones, made for the purpose, from one point to another. In some respects it resembles Bowling, but with these differences, that the stones are slidden upon the ice, not rolled--neither are they made like Bowls, to curve on their passage; the points, also, to which the stones are played are stationary, whereas in Bowling the Jack is moveable; and in Curling, the ice in the path of the stone may be polished by sweeping--and thus the players may compensate for the want of force with which a stone may have been thrown.
James Bicket, secretary of the Toronto Curling Club, opens his 1840 manual with a dual purpose: to provide club members with the constitution and playing laws, and to introduce the game to those who have “never seen it played.” The preface immediately establishes a contrast between curling and other sports, insisting that it “calls up none of the low and degrading passions of our nature.” Bicket emphasizes that no betting occurs among curlers and that intoxication is unknown on the ice, because the “nice equilibrium of body and the firmness of nerve” required would vanish at the first sign of drink. This moral framing is central to the manual’s argument that curling is both physically invigorating and socially improving.
Scottish Roots and Canadian Ice
The manual’s historical section traces curling’s origins with evident pride, citing Camden’s Britannia (1607) and seventeenth-century Scottish ministers and poets. Bicket quotes Pennycuik’s couplet that curling is “a manly Scottish exercise,” and notes that Burns “understood the game.” Yet the text is equally concerned with establishing curling’s suitability for Canada. Bicket argues that the climate is ideal: “the winter is generally cold enough to ensure good ice, and seldom so severe as to render the exercise unpleasant.” This adaptation is not merely climatic but social—the manual presents curling as a remedy for the “enfeebling influence of confinement to our close and heated winter houses.” The tension between celebrating Scottish heritage and promoting Canadian practice runs throughout the historical narrative.
Etymology and the Sliding Stone
Bicket engages directly with scholarly debates about curling’s origins, particularly the etymology of the word. He cites Kilian’s Etymologica Teutonicae Linguoe, which renders Teutonic terms as “ludere massis, sive globis glaciatis” (to play with lumps or icy balls). But Bicket is skeptical: he notes that the term kluyte in Scotland means “to fall flat,” with no reference to moving on a plane surface. He insists that until it can be shown that stones were “slidden” rather than pitched through the air, the connection to curling remains unclear. This passage reveals Bicket’s willingness to question received authority and his focus on the distinctive mechanics of the game—the sliding stone that “afford[s] opportunities…for a much wider field for the exercise of the judgment” than quoits.
Social Leveling on the Ice
One of the manual’s most striking claims is that on the ice, “all ordinary distinctions in society are, for the time, forgotten.” Bicket illustrates this with a description of Paisley, where the town drummer would announce a curling match, and the next morning “manufacturers, bailies, weavers, and clergymen” would gather promiscuously. This vision of temporary social equality is carefully bounded: it applies only during play, and the manual elsewhere reinforces club hierarchies through its constitution and list of officers. The Toronto Curling Club’s rules, included in the manual, codify the game’s structure while the preface insists on its moral purity. The tension between inclusive rhetoric and exclusive organization is a recurring pattern in the text.
Readers approaching Bicket’s manual should attend to its dual character: it is both a practical rulebook and a promotional tract. The author’s voice shifts between precise technical description—of stones, rinks, and sweeping—and broader cultural argument. The excerpts leave the full rules and constitution unexamined, but the pattern of contrasting Scottish tradition with Canadian adaptation, and physical exertion with moral restraint, offers a clear entry point into the work’s logic.
There’s something about Bicket’s careful defense of curling as a moral, sober pursuit that put me in mind of another quiet voice from the past—The Reminiscences of an Irish Land Agent — Themes and Context. Both men, worlds apart, trying to frame a messy reality with dignity. I found myself lingering on that shared, gentle stubbornness long after closing the manual.
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